The art society October

1928-1932, Moscow — Leningrad

Members-учредители: A. G. Alekseev, E. G. Weiss, A. A. Vesnin, V. A. Vesnin, A. M. Gan, , Ginzburg, A. I.] , A. I. Ladies ' , A. A. Deineka, M. V. Dobrokovsky, V. N. Elkin, P. Y. Orlov, G. G. Klutsis, A. V. Kracik, A. I. Kurilla, I. L. Matsa, A. I. Mikhailov, D. S. Moore, P. I. Novitsky, A. I. Ostretsov D. Rivera, N. Sidelnikov, S. Y. Senkin, . G. Talakuev, S. B. Telingater, V. S. Toot, B. WITZ, P. F. Freiberg, . S. Schneider, E. I. Shub, S. M. Eisenstein.

the Members and exhibitors: G. A. Aryamnov, . S. Bukharova, T. P. Gurjan (Gurjistan), A. A. Isakson, L. M. Lisitskiy, A. I. Naumov, I. N. Popov-Воронежский, A. M. Rodchenko, P. P. Romanov, . H. Rutkowski, A. I. Samoilovsky, A. N. Samokhvalov, V. F. Stepanova, F. S. Tagirov, S. A. Chuikov, V. F. Stein and others.

Exhibitions: "the Internationale" — (1928, Leningrad;, 1929, Moscow), 1-я (1930, Moscow); "At the front of the five-year plan" (1930, Berlin, Krefeld, düsseldorf, Cologne).

the Association was founded by artists of different specialties with the aim of "promoting the development of the class-пролетарских trends in the field of spatial arts." It included architects, painters, graphics, masters of applied art, photography, cinematography, art historians and art critics.

In 1928 in the magazine "Modern architecture" (№№ 3-4, p. 73-74) was issued the first Declaration of the society, the development of which in addition to the Soviet of the founders was attended by Mexican artist Diego Rivera and the Hungarian Bela Uitz: "...the Spatial arts must serve the proletariat and going after him masses of workers in the two inseparably linked areas: in the field of ideological propaganda (through paintings, frescoes, printing, sculpture, photos, movies, etc.); in the field of production and direct organization of the collective life (through architecture, industrial art, the design of mass celebrations, etc.)... 1. The artist of the epoch of the proletarian dictatorship regards himself not as a solitary artist, passively reflecting reality, but as an active fighter at the ideological front of the proletarian revolution that his work organizing the psyche of the masses and contributes to making a new life... 2. It needs to be subject to critical examination all formal-технические achievements of art of the past... 3. The purpose of the artist, expressing the cultural interests of the revolutionary proletariat, must be the dissemination of the expressive means of the spatial arts world Outlook of dialectical materialism and material design of mass collective forms of new life. Thus, we reject the Philistine realism of epigones, the realism of a stagnant individual life, passively-созерцательный, static, naturalistic realism, absolutely copying the reality, perekrasivshis and kanonieri old life... 4. Proletarian art must overcome the individualistic and market relations, the dominant art up to the present day. Rejecting established in recent years the bureaucratic concept of “social order”, we are looking for a public order from groupsconsumers requesting artworks for specific purposes and collectively involved in the preparation... 5 things. For maximum results we are trying to focus their efforts on the following impact points: a) the planned construction, new homes, public buildings, etc д.; b) the decoration of items of mass consumption manufactured by industry;) on the decoration of the new centres of collective life: worker's club, the hut-читальни, cafeterias, tea, etc д.; g) the organization of mass celebrations; d) in art education... Going down those paths, proletarian art leaves behind the slogan of the transitional period “art to the masses” and prepares the ground for the art of the masses... We fully stand behind unlimited healthy competition of artistic directions and schools on the basis of skills, improving the quality of artistic and ideological production... But we reject unhealthy competition between artistic groups in the soil survey of the orders and patronage of influential persons and institutions. We reject any claim to ideological monopoly and preferential representation of the artistic interests of the working-крестьянских the masses for whatever the Union of artists..."

In 1929 approved the articles of Association of the company. A theoretical position "Oct" echoed the attitudes of the LEF, some of whose members participated in the activities of the Association (A. M. Rodchenko, V. F. Stepanova, G. G. Klutsis, S. Y. Senkin, E. M. Shub, S. M. Eisenstein). The leading role in solving the problem of synthesis of arts was given the architecture; architect was seen as the main type of artist — organizer of the life, art, and construction.

On the initiative of the Komsomol Aktiv enterprises was organized by the sector of the "Young October."

the Society held a number of exhibitions. In 1928 two small exhibitions were arranged in Leningrad, in September 1930 — in Moscow (dedicated to the decoration of the city). In June — July 1930 he held a large exhibition of the Association in Moscow, which responded a periodical: article A. Osipova "Found a bridge to production. The first exhibition "October"" (work and art, 1930, 20 June, No. 34), F. Konnov and J. Tsirelson "Exhibition "of November"" (art to the masses, 1930, No. 7). In October of the same year, an exhibition entitled "the front five" was shown in Berlin and several cities of the Rhineland; on her exhibited paintings, graphics, printing, architectural projects, samples of production art. In addition, individual group members "Oct" participated in the exhibition "the life of the children of the Soviet Union" (1929) in Moscow; 2-й traveling exhibition in Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Sverdlovsk, Perm, Ufa, Samara, Saratov and Penza (1930).

Sharply polemical relationship was "October" AHRR — AChRs and RAPH. At the beginning of 1931 published a new Declaration — brochure "the Struggle for proletarian class positions in front of the spatial arts", which in many provisions of the polemic with the project "Platform for the consolidation of the proletarian forces on isofront" nominated AHR — OMAHR — Ochs (Association of artists-самоучек). In addition, members of the "October" has compiledarticles "Isofront. Class struggle on the background of the spatial arts" (M., 1931).

At the end of 1931, the leaders of the Association in the Declaration, "the"October" admits his mistakes" declared overcoming of disagreements with RAPH on issues about the nature of art, on the attitude to cultural heritage, easel arts, constructivism, the leading role of architecture, folk art and "companions". Most Communists and Komsomol members "Oct" entered RAPH.

April 23, 1932 the activities of the "Oct" stopped by order of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) "On restructuring literary-художественных organizations."