Who created the vogue for Indian and Chinese art? Who introduced the world with artists from Brazil? Who organized a very loud show of contemporary Russian author? The answers to these questions - in the rating of Power 2008

2008 was a real «toboggan» to the world of art. On the one hand, loud records on auctions, the opening of new museums and galleries, the emergence of new major players on the art market, on the other - a world economic crisis, which seriously voznamerilsya podmyat under the art market itself. It is hard to think of more emotions. American magazine Art + Auction tells of those who in 2008 was «legislator fashion» in the world of art, those who have contributed to the globalization of it.

Marcia Fortesh and Alessandra D ' Red

Marcia Fortesh and Alessandra d'Aloya (Marcia Fortes & Alessandra d'Aloia) - owner of the gallery Fortes Vilaça in Sao Paulo. These attractive 40-year-old women representing the Brazilian art in the international arena. It Fortesh and d'Aloya acquainted with the art world such Brazilian artists as Vic Myunis (Vik Muniz) and Ernesto Neto (Ernesto Neto). In addition, they are actively engaged in the promotion of lesser-known art (so far) of authors, among them Jose Damaysenu (José Damasceno) and Milyasesh Beatriz (Beatriz Milhazes). Recently, the picture Milyasesh went to Sotheby's auction for more than a million dollars. This price was the record for a Brazilian artist currently living.

Art + Auction argues that Fortesh and d'Aloya as anyone else, are responsible for shaping the tastes of buyers in their country. In recent years the art market of Brazil has grown very strongly, and though now in relation to the economic crisis are a bit slower, the owner of Fortes Vilaça looking to the future with optimism. According to Fortesh, in 2001, when the gallery was founded more than 70 percent of the work went overseas, now two-thirds of products are sent to a collection of Brazilian collectors. This spring, the owner opened a new gallery building - a former warehouse in the industrial region of Sao Paulo. Almost our «garage». There Fortesh and d'Aloya going to make at least three exhibitions per month.

Enterprising galeristki not only introduced the world to modern Brazilian art, they also actively introduced to Brazil in the art world. The first event held in the new building became the exhibition «God as design», which was attended by 11 contemporary artists from different countries. Gallery is also the official representative of the heritage of the famous photographer Robert Mapplethorpe (Robert Mapplethorpe) on the territory of Latin America. In Fortes Vilaça in Brazil held its first exhibition of these artists, like the German Franz Ackermann (Franz Ackermann), Japanese Nobuyoshi Araki (Nobuyoshi Araki) and the Mexican Damian Ortega (Damián Ortega). The owner of the gallery has deservedly enjoyed a high reputation abroad: Marcia Fortesh even part of the selection committee Fair Frieze, held in London in this October . According to Art + Auction, the fact that they do for the promotion of contemporary Brazilian art Fortesh and d'Aloya, is unique in Brazil, and maybe even throughout Latin America.

Martin Roth at the imperial court of China and Saxony XVII - XVIII centuries
Source: artinfo.com /artandauction

Martin Roth

«Borders - they are not only artificial, they are senseless», - said 53-year-old Martin Roth (Martin Roth), the Director of the State Art Collections in Dresden. He did not understand why we are still limited by national level, despite the fact that the collections in our museums belong to the world and research programs, too, have become international.

When Roth took office in 2001, he discovered that the Dresden museums have changed little since the times of socialism. For seven years, the enterprising director has imposed an organization (which, at the minute, includes such well-known museums in the entire world as the Dresden Gallery and the main museum of porcelain in Europe) in the XXI century. He set himself the task to establish links with cultural institutions around the world, and now it has successfully solved. That Roth has pioneered partnerships State Art Collections Dresden State Museums of Berlin and the Bavarian state art collections. Now these three German organizations are going to cooperate with the Office of the art and culture of Dubai, which is going to be built in the UAE a new museum complex. While the German specialists only advise this office, but in the future, museums in Berlin, Dresden and Munich are going to offer its exhibits in the exhibition in the Emirates.

Thanks to Martin company network Dresden museums is now a model of «globalizovannosti» cultural institutions. Roth became the principal conductor of the idea of a universal museum, which has its roots in the XIX century. It was then that the German authorities attempted to establish a museum, which could learn about the entire history of civilization.

Throughout his life, Martin Roth is the destruction of boundaries. He was born in Stuttgart in southern Germany. Shortly after the fall of the Berlin Wall, he rushed to the former East Germany, where he became director of the German Hygiene Museum in Dresden. This museum of science, founded in the early twentieth century, when socialist quite zachah.

Roth belongs to a generation, which had the hard fate. Many of the current 50-60-year-old resident of Germany, parents were Nazis, or the victims of the Nazis. «Children of criminals» ashamed that they are Germans, and the «children victims» could not forgive the Germans what they did to their relatives. «We never think of themselves as Germans», - said Roth. The only way to find their identity for them, it was considered a «global citizens». Hence the desire of many of this generation back the national framework, to escape from the spiritual ghetto «descendants of Nazism» and strongly support cooperation between countries.

Roth recently organized at the Royal Palace in Dresden exhibition, which presents exhibits of the Palace Museum in Beijing. In Madrid Prado an exhibition of classic sculptures from museums in Dresden and at the Bologna exhibition of Renaissance and Baroque in Los andzhelesskom Getty Museum Roth gave twenty-seven works of old masters.

«This is an excellent collection - said Roth of the remarkable collections of Dresden. - not German, not Saxon, but a wonderful collection of international».

Melissa Chyu

36-year-old Melissa Chyu (Melissa Chiu) - the daughter of Australian and Chinese. Melissa grew up in northern Australia: «Indonesia was closer to us than the city in the south of our country». Therefore «citizen world» it has been considered a fairly early.

Chyu, which holds the museum director of Asia Society in New York, is one of those enthusiasts, who several years ago created a vogue for contemporary Chinese art. Long before the world learned about Tsae Guo-tsyane (Cai Guo-Qiang), Mintszyune Yue (Yue Minjun) and other stars of the current art market, Chyu wrote a thesis on contemporary Chinese artists at the University of Western Sydney. She is the author of two important books on the topic: «The Breakthrough: Chinese art outside China» (Breakout: Chinese Art Outside China) and «modern Chinese art: the 7 things that you need to know» (Chinese Contemporary Art: 7 Things You Should Know ). Recently, Melissa has organized the Society of Asian exhibition «Art and the Chinese Revolution» , which done a lot of noise.

Chyu came to Asia Society in 2001 and initially worked in the curator. It was the first in the United States as curator of Asian contemporary art. Among its projects - the exhibition of artists from New Zealand and the Middle East, including the well-known Iranian artist Shirin Neshat (Shirin Neshat). In 2004, Melissa became the museum's director. In addition, she is vice president of international programs of the Asia and has been compiling a permanent museum.

Melissa Chyu «spend more time than I would like to», in the plane: it always tries to communicate with their partners in person. Globalization, in its view, should be «humane» - otherwise people will underestimate the importance of cultural differences. Chyu said that human relationships - the most important in her work.

Chyu aims to support artists from countries where long time dominated by totalitarian regimes. List of artists on the international scene, to end the dominance of United States and Europe - this is her problem. Chyu pleased that in today's China, the profession of artist is considered a very prestigious, even though in the past, Chinese authorities suppressed all «volnodumstvo». «[Previously. - Ed .] Artists go against the current. But today, Chinese parents want their children to become artists », - she said.

William F. Ruprecht, and Edward Dolman

auction houses Christie's and Sotheby's was founded in the XVIII century and, as their founder of the British Empire colonized the entire world. Only the empire is not very long ago, and auction houses to live and thrive. At the head of these multinational corporations are William F. Ruprecht (William F. Ruprecht), and Edward Dolman (Edward Dolman).

Recently, Christie's and Sotheby's are actively growing. Where there are buyers willing to spend tens of millions of dollars on art, antiques, wine and jewelry, they come and go. «We believe that our business has huge potential in the so-called emerging markets - said the head of Christie's, Edward Dolman. - We have a very big future in Asia, and we are very serious about the Middle East and India». Dolman, who works in the British auction house for almost 25 years, now focuses on such areas of tendering, as Dubai, Abu Dhabi and, above all, Hong Kong, which is the third most important «trading platform» Christie's - after London and New York. Moscow, he will not forget: in the opinion of Dolmana, the Russian capital - one of the main suppliers of big money on the art market. Recently, significantly increased the number of cities, where Christie's holds Pre-show, the head of the house and maintains that it will grow: in particular, the planned exhibition in Kazakhstan.

«Now, our main buyers are most other countries, - says Dolman. - In May of this year, we in Hong Kong staged a major exhibition and sale of Warhol (Andy Warhol), and all the top auction lots Impressionism, Modernism and contemporary art in Hong Kong, we also deliver. Three or four years ago, we even imagine this could not, because in such places were not buyers for the material. And now they get there ».

Hong Kong plays an important role in the plans not only to Christie's, but his eternal rival Sotheby's. William F. Ruprecht, who heads the auction house since 2000, is responsible for the transfer of all auctions of contemporary Asian art in this prosperous region of China. Sotheby's is interested in not only East Asia: in October, Ruprecht announced that soon the auction house will open an office in the capital of Qatar, Doha . In 2009, there will be large bids.

At Christie's and Sotheby's is one significant difference: the first auction house - a private (he belongs to billionaire Francois Pinault (François Pinault)), and the second is a company whose shares are sold freely on the exchange. Consequently, Sotheby's suffered more from the current economic turmoil. What is going to auction the house in order to «fold back» of the crisis? Ruprecht believes that, instead of «pulverize» around the world and stand for sale «абы that, if only it», Sotheby's is going to concentrate only on multiple trading platforms and sell only high quality items.

Ruprecht is not blinded by the euphoria over the activity of buyers from China and the Middle East. He recognizes that the center of the art market, despite everything that has been and will be New York. «Living in the USA more than all the world and sells more than all the world to buy - he notes. - The U.S. is a net exporter of art, but they were only a couple of years ago». Who can say with certainty that the next few years, this situation changed?

What has not changed with the advent of a globalized XXI century - is the importance of business «human factor». Dolman and Ruprecht knows this more than anyone else. «Now the decisive factor is the relationship with people from all over the world, - said Ruprecht. - I do not mean necessarily that we should all hold auctions - I am talking about normal, these human relations».

Daria Zhukova and Molly Dent-Broklherst in a London studio of sculptor Antony Gormley
Source: artinfo.com /artandauction

Daria Zhukova and Molly Dent-Broklherst

cover English edition Art + Auction adorned with none other than our countrywoman Daria Zhukova - along with his English «soobschnitsey» Molly Dent-Broklherst (Mollie Dent-Brocklehurst). Spring Zhukova surprised the entire art world, announcing his plans to build in the Moscow Museum of Modern Art, which will be the answer in London Tate Modern, MoMA, New York and Paris's Pompidou Center. 27-year-old daughter of oil magnate Alexander Zhukov's words for the wind to stay: In September, she opened with fanfare the Center of Contemporary Culture «garage». The first project was the new museum retrospective of the famous Russian artist Ilya Kabakov , which many described as «the exhibition of the year». The purpose of establishing a center, according to Zhukov - to attract new audiences, particularly young people. As a girl in Moscow are not too many places where young people can communicate freely and at the same time to admire works of art. In «garage» already have a bookstore and cafe, and soon there will be a cinema hall and rooms for lectures and symposiums.

Be «patroness of the arts» - no easy matter, but there are Zhukova assistants, chief among which is the 39-year-old Molly Dent-Broklherst, international coordinator «garage». It Zhukov and provide necessary linkages to the world of contemporary art. Dent-Broklherst is an independent curator. She began her career in the auction house Sotheby's, then moved to the gallery Gagosyana Larry (Larry Gagosian), which worked for ten years. Family Dent-Broklherst not simple: Molly, along with his mother and his brother owns the castle Sadeli built in XII century. Each year, Dent-Broklherst holds in her estate exhibition of modern sculpture.

Even thought the two art-divas? They are now held in Moscow exhibition video, for which the Raushskoy Quay was a huge screen. You can see the works of Douglas Gordon (Douglas Gordon), John Fuduna (Yang Fudong) and other famous contemporary artists. Prepared by an exhibition in London Serpentine Gallery curator Hans Ulrich Obrist (Hans-Ulrich Obrist). The following year, in «garage» can be seen working from the collection of François Pinault. Furthermore, Zhukov and Dent-Broklherst is now negotiating with a well-known artists who may create a unique center for installation.

But the main thing in their work, highlight the girl - this educational program. Who but Zhukova, which developed a line of clothing and shot in the magazine Vogue, is able to convince the Russian youth that art - it is fashionable!

Roger Mendl

Not everyone knows about the small town of Doha, the capital of the oil state of Qatar. But the reasonable specialists believe that soon this town will become the cultural capital of the Middle East. If this prophecy come true, it mostly through the efforts of two people: 25-year-old daughter, Qatari Emir Sheikh Al-Mayassa bint Hamad bin Khalifa al-Thani (Sheikha al-Mayassa bint Hamad bin Khalifa al-Thani), planned for construction in its capital, a complex of museums, and Roger Mendla (Roger Mandle), the man who oversees these museums.

«It is not yet thirty, but it is already doing everything" at the highest level "- admires Mendl Qatari patroness of the arts. - And it is very fast at all react».

Sam Mendl too far from a newcomer. During his long career he has managed to organize a lot of cross-cultural projects. From 1988 to 1993 he served as deputy director and curator of the National Gallery in Washington. And from 1993 till July 2008 on, he was president of the School of Design Rhode Island. «I am interested in the influence of one culture on another - said Mendl - and now it is best to watch in the Middle East». Culture of Qatar - an excellent example of «floating» of different cultures. The population of this small Middle Eastern country grows mainly by foreigners, and its current «Cultural Renaissance» partially bound an artistic and technological innovations brought from abroad.

Now Roger Mendl occupies the post of Director of Museum of Qatar. Under his «wing» was, inter alia, the newly built Museum of Islamic Art . At its creation has been spent entire 1.6 billion dollars. An elegant snow-white building, designed by the author of the Louvre pyramid J. M. Peem (I. M. Pei), is specially built for the artificial island area of 25.6 hectares. Age works from the museum collection covers 1,2 thousand years of Islamic art. The main exhibits - white clay bowl IX century, found in Iran, and a silk carpet Timura created more than 500 years ago. The next item of Mendla - Reconstruction of the National Museum, which will display historic artifacts. The new building will build Prittskerovskoy Prize laureate Jean Nouvelles (Jean Nouvel).

In contrast to the Louvre and Guggenheim museums, which are now being built in Abu Dhabi, Doha museum will essentially show no «imported» subjects, as their own. In addition, the planned joint educational programs with the Arab TV channel «Al-Jazeera», which has its headquarters in Doha.

Qatar, although small, but rich in natural resources. Therefore tamoshnie Emirs can afford everything they want. At international auctions, their representatives often offer higher prices than large museums like the Metropolitan. This royal family of Qatar Al-Thani bought in 2007 «Sonnuyu spring» Demiena Hurst (Damien Hirst) for 19.2 million dollars. But this is far from being the highest price that the Emirs are willing to pay for work of art: on the rumors, they are last year's bought for 72.8 million dollars a picture« White Center »Mark Rothko (Mark Rothko) .

Such riches, especially when they dispose of these experts can help Mendlu and his patron to achieve its goal - «re-invent museums for the XXI century».

• Minal and Dinesh Vazirani
  Source: artinfo.com /artandauction

Minal and Dinesh Vazirani, Peter Nagy

Several years ago, nobody could suppose that «provincial» Indian contemporary art market will reach such unprecedented heights. In the past year, the auction and gallery sales in the country amounted to 350-400 million dollars. A public auction brought only 110 million. Maybe, for America and Britain is not such a huge amount - there may be a major auction as many have, but if you know that in 2003 sales at auction in India was only 5 million ... now collectors from the United States fly to India specially to прикупить a work of local authors and influential cultural institutions, such as the Serpentine Gallery London and Tokyo Mori Art Museum, like the great «Indian» exhibition. Among those who brought Indian art to the world stage - Collectors and auctioneer Minal and Dinesh Vazirani (Minal & Dinesh Vazirani), and art dealer Peter Nagy (Peter Nagy).

49-year-old Nagy - the owner of Nature Morte Gallery in Delhi, which sold the works of artists such as Subodh Gupta (Subodh Gupta) and Rashid Rana (Rashid Rana). They are now the star of auctions, but because 10 years ago, when everything just started, nobody could imagine that their work will look Francois Pinault and Charles Saatchi (Sharles Saatchi). Nagy his first gallery opened in 1982 in New York's East Village area. Ten years later, he wanted to completely change the situation and moved to India, where he became art critic. In 1997, Nagy decided to experiment: open «mobile» gallery of works of modern art. «I found the artists with whom I work, and none of their in Delhi at that time did not show. Therefore, for me to open up new possibilities ». Nagy became the first dealer, opened in New Delhi gallery of modern art. He actively participated in art fairs around the world, and eventually it became a gallery to attract major collectors. In 2003, she found a permanent home. And in May the following year opened a branch in Berlin on Nature Morte.

Peter Nagy has done to promote Indian art very much, but the laurels belong to a pioneer, not only to him. Another enthusiasts - the creators of the website Saffronart.com wife Vazirani, husband Dinesh (41 years) and his wife Meena (35 years). Both have a degree MBA - he from Harvard, she has a business school INSEAD in Fontainebleau France. When the wife began collecting Indian art, they are faced with a challenge: art and artists were many, but information about them - not enough. Therefore, in order to help the same as they are, collector of Indian art, they founded Saffronart. Visitors to this site can read the article on Indian artists, photos of their works, as well as find out what auctions and exhibitions of Indian art are now taking place. In addition, collectors can buy the product on the site. Saffronart was launched in 2000, the funds allocated to it by the company from Silicon Valley Sequoia Capital - the one that has become one of the first investors, Google.

Vazirani serve their customers not only the «virtual». A spouse has a gallery in New York, Mumbai and London. Along with the dealers in San Francisco, Los Angeles and Hong Kong are satisfied with the exhibition and publish directories. Dinesh and Minal also collaborating with Indian galleries, which provide the facilities for storage of products.

Art is not the only sphere of interests of spouses Vazirani. They recently started selling jewelry and watches. In early October, was their first online auction in this category, which has 1.4 million dollars.

Guan And in one of its stores
Source: artinfo.com /artandauction

Guan AND

in the Chinese art of speculating in recent years, many nationalities, and a lot of work goes to Europe and the United States. But in China there are enthusiasts who are interested in preserving the works of contemporary artists to their homeland. One of them - Beijing collector and Guan (Guan Yi). He is very proud of the modern Chinese art and considers it a national treasure. «Chinese art is as important as the Chinese economy - he said." - Either can not be ignored ».

Guangyou forty with tails. It «a rich heir»: his family has done a great state in the production of chemicals. Guan, too, at one time engaged in family business, but in 1997 decided to move away from business and devote himself exclusively collecting. His collection consists of 700-800 pieces. And all he gathered himself, without the help of consultants and facilitators. He chooses only what he likes, without regard to fashion. Most of the wealthy buyers of Chinese art works of painters like becoming Syaogana Zhang (Zhang Xiaogang): they look great in a room, then they can be profitable to resell, and it was working with oil on canvas today damned important! But the criteria that guide Guan, not such. It is important that the work in addition to the investment attractiveness of decorative and carrying a something else. About one third works in his collection - large installations, which are not for sale and resale of the infinite at auctions, and for museums.

By the way, the museums. This year, Guan announced its plans to build in Beijing, a new museum and sculpture park. He wants to create a place of pilgrimage for people who truly love the Chinese contemporary art, but do not see in it merely an object for investment. «Capital broke through the borders, politics, race and culture, - says Guan. - It became famous 100-150 art world superstar, but nobody can say whether they are indeed the most important artists in history».

Guangyou easy to understand the artist, because he has a creative personality: he was formerly a photograph. The most precious period of Chinese contemporary art, he considers the years 1984-1989, when everything is just beginning. Works created in that era, are the backbone of his collection.

Magnus Renfryu and Stephanie Dikvoss

One of the most high-profile projects in 2008 was the opening of a major new art fair - Art HK (Hong Kong International Art Fair). It was held in May. Fair, in which participated 101 Gallery, visited by more than 19 thousand people. Dealers participating in the Art HK, earned a total of about $ 20 million - a very good idea, given that the fair was held for the first time. «Hong Kong - an ideal venue for such actions», - said director of Fair Renfryu Magnus (Magnus Renfrew). Observers note that the main advantage of Hong Kong to Shanghai, New York, London and other cultural capitals of the world - an almost complete absence of tariffs on export and import of works of art.

Magnus Renfryu was born in the UK. Art, he was carried away, being really young: his father was the archeologist. In Hong Kong Renfryu came in 2007. Before that he lived in Shanghai, where he worked Gallery Contrasts Gallery, owned by well-known dealer of art and design Lam Pearl (Pearl Lam). He was able to visit major Chinese cities and met many Chinese artists - both very young, and already known. Prior to his work in China Renfryu was a specialist in London Bonhams. He organized the first-ever auction house auction of contemporary Asian art works.

During his career Renfryu managed to do much, but the experience of art fairs it was not. Conduct Art HK «Higher level» it helped native Germany Dikvoss Stephanie (Stephanie Dieckvoss). She worked as an administrator three years London Frieze Art Fair, and therefore perfectly familiar with the «kitchen» art fairs. It followed that all works of art arrived in Hong Kong without delay, to develop programs for VIP-guests, has organized exhibitions, debates and conferences held in the Art HK.

The most impressive achievement Renfryu and Dikvoss - is how quickly they were able to «from nothing» create fair. Magnus started to accept applications from galleries at the beginning of June 2007. He proudly said that most of the dealers participating in the Art HK, were satisfied with fair and want to go there next year. According to him, 90 per cent gallery owners interviewed after the fair, said that they have found at Art HK for new clients. These customers made 60 percent of purchases.

Plans in Renfryu and Dikvoss ambitious: they want to be fair was the same relevance as Art Basel. Magnus is now attracting dealers from Asia and the Pacific, and Stephanie, in his time working in the gallery Gagosyana in New York and Paris, Karsten Greve, communicates with vendors of art from the United States, Europe and South America. In its plans - bring on the next fair, more western galleries. It seems that many dealers would agree to participate in Art HK with pleasure, because Hong Kong is now the third largest art markets in the world.

Material prepared Yulia Maksimova

Sources: artinfo.com /artandauction , artinvestment.ru

P.S. On trends in the world of art, you can also read:
modern art world: money, events, trends
Major trends in the market of the world of contemporary art. Interview with Gary Tatintsyanom
Top-100 most influential people in the world of art according to the magazine ArtReview
Top-10 art collectors in the world
Top-200 major art collectors in the world
most expensive work of living artists