Artist of the week. Arshile Gorky
the Work of Arshile Gorky (Arshile Gorky) is not the first glance not the most obvious, but very important role in the postwar American avant-garde. Many researchers believe that his monumental painting 1940-х years, where sensual organic shapes pulsate and dissolve in the nebula of colors, anticipated abstract expressionism and influenced by artists such as Willem de Kooning (Willem de Kooning) and mark Rothko (the first bump was a friend, and the second in 1925-м was his apprentice).
However, the creativity of the original artist can hardly be attributed to-то one flow. "The art of the Coaster has always been seen as a bridge between surrealism and abstract expressionism, and as such, its specific provisions sometimes had difficulties", — said Michael Taylor (Michael Taylor), curator of the modernism of the Art Museum of Philadelphia, where January 10, finished first in 30 years, a major retrospective of the artist. This year the exhibition will also feature London's Tate Modern and Los-анджелесский the Museum of modern art. The organizers of the retrospective sought not only to show the value of Slides in the history of world art, but also represent a kind of "portrait" of the artist, to separate its genuine history from invented by myths. In doing so, they helped close cooperation with the 88-летней widow of the artist, as well as the study of three biographies published in the last ten years.
Real name Slides — Vostanik Adoyan. He was born, presumably in 1902, in the village of Horgen, situated on the territory of Turkish Armenia. In 1915-м the family of the future artist, fleeing the genocide, fled to Yerevan, then belonged to the Russian Empire. Five years later, Vostanik went to the United States. There, as they say, "re-invented himself", inventing a nickname, and expanding his biography a few false facts. In particular, the artist claimed that a cousin of Maxim Gorky. And the wisdom of painting, according to him, he comprehended in Paris, under the leadership of the Wassily Kandinsky. In fact, everything was much more prosaic: Slides learned to paint, imitating the style of Cezanne, Picasso, Matisse, Leger and Miro. 1920-е and 1930-е was his "apprenticeship" period, and only in early 1940-х the artist developed his own style. Great influence on the hill had the Chilean surrealist Roberto Matta (Roberto Matta), who showed him the importance of improvisation and automatism.
"the Aroma of apricots in the fields" (1944) — typical work Gorki Mature period, where performed in the open air sketches of arable instruments,flowers and insects transformirovalsya one abstract composition. It is a pulsating colorful body in pools of red and orange the whole product of extraordinary erotic charge. Now picture, in 1995-м sold for 3.96 million dollars on the new-йоркском Sotheby's, took second place in the list of the most expensive works of the artist. Those trades, incidentally, were the last on which appeared a masterpiece in its class. "I would like that the new record broke the work of comparable quality... but the masterpieces of the Slides can boast of only a few private collections", — said Tobias Meyer (Tobias Meyer), head of contemporary art auction house. He noted that there were cases when the creation hills sold privately for amounts in excess of $ 12 million.
the Current auction record for creativity hills is $ 4.2 million — so much is the painting "Horgen" (CA. 1938), sold at new-йоркских Christie's auction in 2007. Clearly defined abstract shapes on white background — the artist's memories of home. "This is a wonderful piece of 1930-х years that anticipates the Mature work of Gorki", — says Robert Manley (Robert Manley), head of postwar and contemporary art Christie's New York. "If today appeared at auction a masterpiece of the late 1940-х, the final price would be far exceeded 10 million. The historical significance of the hill is large, and it needs to take its rightful place alongside such contemporaries as Jackson Pollock (Jackson Pollock), Clifford still (Clyfford Still) and Willem de Kooning, compared with whom he truly underestimated".
According to Robert Mnukhin (Robert Mnuchin), one of the founders of the new-йоркской gallery L&M Arts to change the situation for the exhibition organized by Michael Taylor. "I think that the retrospective will open many eyes [on this artist], — says the dealer, who in the last ten years has implemented several later paintings Slides and regularly sells his drawings and early works. — Famous figures of postwar art, without a doubt, looking at him, even studied his work. I am surprised by the fact that the Slides are not yet included in the number of popular artists or leaders of the art-рынка, — perhaps the fact that his works are rarely exhibited and rarely appear on the market". Explanations several — in particular, very few surviving paintings, is less than 400. In 1946 in his Studio in Connecticut, there was a fire which destroyed a large number of works. Many of the surviving canvases of 1940-х, for which demand is now the most high, are in the collections of major museums such as the Metropolitan and MOMA in new-Йорке and Art gallery and the Albright Knox in Buffalo. The Museum of Philadelphia is kept "Dark-зеленая pattern," which gave patrons who purchased the work in 1994 at Sotheby's for 3.52 million dollars.
blades of more modest size, written in 1920-х or 1930-х, of course, are estimated below. Robert Manley says they can bring several hundred thousand dollars. "Works created before 1943, are valuable primarily for researchers of creativity of the artist and the collectors who have other works of Gorki", — says John hood (John Good), Directornew-йоркской Gallery Gagosyana Larry (Larry Gagosian). In the past 15 years Gagosian gave three major exhibition of the artist's works. It is particularly noteworthy exhibition of 1999, the Central exhibit of which, dark surrealist composition "Night. Enigma and nostalgia" (1933-1934), was purchased by the Museum of fine arts Houston for a few million dollars. Stylistically similar work "the Impression in the horgome" executed ink and pencil on paper, presented at a retrospective exhibition. She lent the organizers of the exhibition at the gallery L&M Arts, which estimated it at 450 thousand dollars.
Since pictures 1940-х years appear on the market very rarely, a growing interest in works on paper of the same period, which unlike the more. Soon the schedule hills can be seen at the exhibition at London's Gagosian gallery, which will be held at one time with a retrospective at the Tate gallery. Four places in the top ten most expensive products occupy the figures sold in the last four years. Among them sketch for the painting "Engagement" (1947), who went for 2.82 million dollars, and "Composition II" (1943), which brought 2.76 million. Both works were sold at auction at Christie's in new-Йорке in 2006 and 2005, respectively. According to Tobias Meyer, the drawings are among the best creations of the artist. "Rarely happens when the pictures go for amounts that are comparable to the prices of paintings", — he adds.
the Graphics were very important for Gorki. It took into account the curator Michael Taylor, who turned several rooms of the Art Museum of Philadelphia in "room for creativity" (borrowed its name from the artist's Studio on Union-сквер). In these rooms next to the late paintings exhibited small sketches made in the open air, as well as drawings of a larger size, including the squares lined with sketches on which the songs are presented in a reduced scale, and large pastels.
the Fire in the Studio was a big blow for Gorki. Later, in 1946 he created the painting "Charred beloved I" (now in the collection of David Geffen (David Geffen)), in fact, a Requiem 27 the lost paintings. Fire and painful work on the painting began, probably, the watershed, which began the last, tragic period in the life of the artist. In the same 1946, the Slides underwent a serious operation (cancer), and in 1948-м he was in a car accident, after which he was diagnosed with a fracture of the cervical vertebrae and damage to the working hands. Another blow of fate — news of his wife's betrayal with Roberto Matta, became the essence of the latter. July 21, 1948, in the Prime of his talent, Arshile Gorky committed suicide.
C investment in terms of investment in the Slides by-прежнему are attractive despite the fact that the artist is not undervalued. Enough it has a high potential for quality graphics since 1942. Good specimens are able to go on auction with multiple excess estimate and break the mark in 1,5–2 million dollars. Despite doubts about the curators made at the beginning of the article (to which direction correctly attributed the artist's work) in this issue for many years there was a consensus. In all the "textbook" Arshile Gorky mentioned among the key figures of American abstract expressionism. In addition, a number of facts in the biography and career of the artist allowsto talk about his belonging to the orbit of Russian art. This makes his work even more attractive to Russian collectors and investors.
Source: , artinvestment.ru
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