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History of art is inseparable from the history of technological development. Discoveries in physics and mechanics of the first often experienced adaptation to a theatre — so before you start to serve the public, the Archimedes screw helped to portray the battle of Salamis in the Roman amphitheatre, and the achievements of the theatrical machinery in the middle Ages and now account for a major share of technologies in the productions of Broadway musicals.

it is not Surprising that one of the main adepts of technology in visual art became the artists: in their nature to be in the vanguard of progress in applying scientific advances to better convey their ideas. The advent of the printing press gave impetus to the development of printmaking — Albrecht dürer, trusting no one and part of the time-consuming process, and personally did the carving, and printing plates.

According to one version, the appearance of impressionism was a direct result of the invention of the camera: artists are so afraid of the "competitor" trying to even learn the formal details of the first photos of — blurred background and blurred details. Then Monet and the company took the steam train — another recent invention — and started sketching. By the way, often depicted a locomotive in the paintings of the Impressionists — a result of the recognition of the greatness and respect of the progress: during that period he was the most high-tech invention.

In 1921 in Berlin, the Hungarian artist lászló Moholy-Надь presented to the public "telephone pictures", which personally did not participate: instructions regarding the layout, size and colors Nagy passed to the phone. In the same 1920-х first used the phone for taking orders, Sotheby's, a decade earlier he also adapted for similar tasks in the Telegraph. Already in 1960-х Sotheby's first ever auction houses, will hold an auction, accepting bids for satellite communication in online-режиме.

In the same 1960-х in the United States, Andy Warhol began experimenting with a portable camera, foreshadowing the development of two cultural phenomena — of video art and music videos. At the same time in Berlin experimented with electromagnets and kinescopes Korean artist Nam June Paik (later the founder of video art will call it). Indirectly, worked with the technology and Alexander Calder, to prove his sculptures-мобилей that kinetic art in motion is art.

the Advent of the Internet and mass use of social networks made in the main adept technologies, museums and exhibitions. Since the end of 2000-х the Museum's mobile apps were designed to extend the exposure to a handheld device of a visitor leaving the Museum, and to convey information to others. The slogan "know — means to share" has become the main marketing tool to attract new visitors in the next decade.

While Google Art Project, otsifrovschik in 2010 Assembly 17 of the world's leading museums, at first has been obstruction by the official Museum community: museums felt that the availability of the collections will lead to a drop in attendance. However, in 2011, statistics showed that the museums of a "trial pool" of Google in an average increased influx of visitors by 8 %! More detailedstudies have shown a direct relationship between viewing collections on the Internet and a desire to see them firsthand. After a year in the Google Art Project has already enrolled more than thousand international museums.

the Museum's marketers have accelerated the pace and the other two technologies, initially created for the gaming industry: AR (augmented reality, augmented reality) and VR (virtual reality, virtual reality). AR, in particular, has created a unique exposition of the Museum of London, combining historical pictures of London, with today's urban landscape, and also shows the stolen paintings from the collection of the Boston Museum of art: mobile application "back" of work on the Museum's walls.

VR also gained popularity among private collectors, giving the opportunity to organize exhibitions and presentations of the meeting without moving the objects themselves: a virtual copy collections, complete with hats to view, were private guests at international fairs (for example, a collection of Chinese contemporary art of the French collector Sylvain levy, is shown in Seoul in 2017). Similarly, the VR technology can provide objects of art, valuable creation which entails significant costs: in 2018, at the fair Kyiv Art Fair, a group of Ukrainian sculptors presented a virtual gallery of works in 3D. Later, when collectors have made orders and paid for them and part of the work was embodied in the material.

Since the end of 2000-х began expansion on the market of digital art galleries. The first platform, which took the path from idea to regular buyers, has become Saatchi Online (2009, later renamed Saatchi Art). The platform has provided an opportunity for the artists to open a personal account and hope for a miracle in the face of the collector randomly chose a page among thousands. Admittedly, the miracles began to happen, and quite often — this resulted in a rapid increase in the number of such projects. Platform , Artsy (2010, full launch in 2012) decided to play not with the artists, and galleries that have received the subscription mode of your online-представительство.

Appeared, and specialized auction house operating solely online-режиме, — Paddle8 (2011) Auctionata (2012). Your e-auction was opened and the oldest of the analyst firms in the art market Artnet (2013). Finally, the feasibility of introducing a separate online-торгов came Sotheby's and Christie's (2014). By the time the market began to change rapidly: gradually gone the old generation of collectors, the generation of "millenials" with money and gadgets have been cautious. Technology became the bridge, designed to open the art market, a man accustomed to make purchases from your tablet. According to Art Basel and UBS Report 2019, with a 2013 to 2018 volume online-продаж art grew from $3.1 million to $6 million and built in 2018 9 % of world sales (increase of 11% per year).

Most readers waiting for the text will appear in the blockchain. Appear it now, but chronologically, it was established in 2008 as a recording system for the registration of cryptocurrency payments. First saw him and adopted artists! In 2016, even before the ubiquity of the boom associated with the tokenization and ICO, in the United States, the world saw the book "Artistsrethinking the blockchain". In her language at the intersection of academic art history and technological analysis, were filed by illustrative examples adapted by artists in their works ideas about the blockchain decentralized and transborder nature of information.

In 2017, there is a division between supporters of the blockchain in the art for the "socialists" (in the first place to fix the chain of transactions and provenance) and "capitalists" (supporters of fractional ownership of art, issued in token — digital analogues of shares). First — such as Artory and Codex, — today convince collectors of the importance of storage, study and replenishment of the provenance, the second — among them Maecenas and Look Lateral — overcome the legal obstacles, not particularly wanting to let the digital assets within the set of familiar financial instruments. On its own blockchain-проекте under development, in October 2019 announced and Inna Bazhenova, publisher of the Art Newspaper.

the Impact of digital technologies on the art market has been recognized at the highest level: the final report Deloitte Art & Finance they have dedicated entire sections in 2019, Deloitte has included a whole market of startups in the field of ArtTech (art & technology) created jointly with Fuelarts. The report shows that in the last 10 years, young company, working at the intersection of art and technology, have received total investments of $680 million and have a survival rate 4 times higher than that of startups in other areas.

We started today's story with the artists — them and complete. Today the number of creative units, exploring digital art, the tens of thousands. These are artists creating work on the tablets, VR-шлемах, including figurative language encoding blockchain, forcing you to draw digital signals, magnetic radiation and radio waves. The word that transmits your voice and thoughts via a phone connection (technology), as did Moholy-Надь in 1922. Only this connection has become more modern and more diverse and gives a wide palette for art-технологической activities.

Naturally, in the next phase of technology development will be a question on the academic recognition of digital art for inclusion in cultural context (not to mention the acquisition of works by museums, for which it is important recognition from the official art). And this work has already begun: a gallery Kate Vass in Zurich, working with digital art, regularly publishes collections of articles connecting technology and academic criticism.

the following materials rubric "Art and technology", we elaborate on each direction ArtTech.

Denys Belkevych, AI