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Pseudonyms,autonyms and aliases: Hazkelevich 1887–1985 Внимание! Продажи данного художника отслеживаются УПРАВИС  

CHAGALL Marc Zakharovich (autonym Chagall Marc Khatskelevich)

June 24 (July 6), 1887 (Vitebsk) — March 28, 1985 (Saint-Paul de Vence, Alpes-Maritimes, France).

Painter, graphic artist, scene-designer, illustrator, master of monumental and applied arts


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Шагал, Марк Захарович

Biography

CHAGALL Marc Zakharovich (autonym Chagall Marc Khatskelevich)

June 24 (July 6), 1887 (Vitebsk) — March 28, 1985 (Saint-Paul de Vence, Alpes-Maritimes, France).

Painter, graphic artist, scene-designer, illustrator, master of monumental and applied arts

Marc Chagall is one of the leaders of the 20th century avant-garde; he was able to incorporate ancient Jewish traditions, as well as the most up-to-date innovations, in his unique oeuvre.

Chagall was born to the family of a merchant and was the eldest of nine children. Having received traditional religious education at home (he was taught Biblical Hebrew, Law of Moses and Talmud), for several years he attended heder (Jewish primary school) and later a secular Russian school. Since his early years he displayed considerable artistic talent.  His home, his family and his native town of Vitebsk had always been at the heart of his imaginary world, autobiographical, lyric and sincere since the very beginning.  His world was permeated with the spirit of his national religious traditions, as well as the sense of inseparability of the mundane and the eternal, which united the images of his childhood home and the whole universe.

In 1906 Chagall studied painting under Yehuda Pen at Vitebsk Art School, but in a short while he moved to St. Petersburg and in 1907 he attended the School under the Society for the Encouragement of the Arts (OPKh, 1907–1908).  In 1908 he attended the private studio of S. M. Seidenberg and the E. N. Zvantseva School of Drawing and Painting, where he studied under M. V. Dobuzhinsky and L. S. Bakst.

In 1908 Chagall started his painting career with Dead Man (or Death), which is now in the National Museum of Modern Art in Paris. In 1909 he painted My Fiancée with Black Gloves (now in the Kunstmuseum of Basel, Switzerland) and The Couple (The Holy Family) (National Museum of Modern Art in Paris). All the above-mentioned works were painted under the influence of the classical and symbolist painting, but at the same time they showed the development of Chagall’s unique style, based on the Neo-Primitivism tradition. His early works were first shown in spring 1910 at the school exhibition in the space which belonged to the Apollon (“Apollo”) magazine.

Having decided to finish his studies, in 1910 Chagall left for Paris, where he started to live in the artist’s residence La Ruche (“Hive”) in Montparnasse. He developed friendships with French poets and writers Guillaume Apollinaire, Blaise Cendrars, Max Jacob, André Salmon and others. At this time he started to create “surnaturalistic” works (the term “surnaturalisme” in relation to Chagall’s paintings was first used by Apollinaire). According to his contemporaries, the “dreamlike” spirituality and deep “human dimension” of his works associated his oeuvre both with Expressionism and Surrealism.

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