The London National Gallery opened an exhibition of Leonardo da Vinci
For the first time the British capital, show nine paintings by an artist of genius of the Renaissance, which brought the world's largest museums, as well as drawings from the Royal Collection of art works
Yesterday in the London National gallery opened an exhibition "Leonardo da Vinci: court painter of Milan's court", which runs until 5 February 2012. The national gallery for the first time gathered together 9 of the paintings of the great Leonardo and completed their drawings of the masters from the Royal collection of works of art. As writes British the Telegraph, all the works in the exhibition are protected reinforced glass, but the newspaper notes that damage or theft which-либо work of a great artist, if they occur, could cost the British taxpayer 1.5 million pounds.
the Exhibition presents London audience for the works created by Leonardo da Vinci during his eighteen years of service as a court painter in Milan court of Duke Lodovico Maria Sforza in 1480-90-х. Leonardo, who was not only a painter but also an engineer, inventor and architect, for his life has created only about 20 paintings, the names of which, such as "Mona Lisa" and "the last supper", most of them at all on hearing.
To have survived only 15 paintings by da Vinci. National gallery, thanks to the efforts of exhibition curator Luke Syson (Luke Syson) and its Director Nicholas penny, unable to gather in their halls 9 pictures, so the London exhibition was the largest in the history of "meeting" scenic creations of Leonardo since the legendary Milan retrospective of 1939. Eight works of da Vinci imported from famous foreign museums, and most of them never previously shown in Britain.
Syson began organizing exhibitions in 2007, when in may it was announced the date of its opening, the curator announced that he was able to get exposure 7 works. Later to this list were added two more pictures: July 6, national gallery confirmed that in the exhibition will be attended by the painting "the Saviour of the world", the authorship of which has been set only last summer. Work became the first in a century scientists have recognized the opening of the new works of Leonardo. Three weeks later reported that the administration of the Louvre has agreed to provide to the exhibition "the virgin of the rocks".
the exhibition Curator, Luke Syson, head of the Department created before the XVI century painting Italy, — respected and authoritative expert of the international level. The following January, he needs to take the post of head of the Department of European sculpture and decorative-прикладного art in new-йоркском the Metropolitan Museum. Innovation ideas, he proposed, was to focus on the Milanese period Leonardo.
the National gallery had to find a special approach to each of the museums, with whom I had to negotiate all of the paintings for the exhibition. In some cases, agreed to exchange: the work of Carlo Crivelli (CarloCrivelli) will go to the Hermitage, painting by Alessandro Botticelli (Alessandro Botticelli) — in the Pinacoteca Ambrosiana library and picture Leonardo — in the Louvre. In other cases, the owners of works by granting them for exhibition, calculated for the generosity of the National gallery in relation to the "rolling" of the paintings earlier. The Krakow Czartoryski Museum was the only institution that has received money belonging to him for showing the work of da Vinci. In the negotiations about the pictures — participating in the exhibition, which was approved by the Board of Trustees of the gallery, actively attended by the Director of the National gallery Nicholas penny (Nicholas Penny).
In turn, Luke Syson agreed with the Royal art collection, which owns the most important collection of drawings by Leonardo, their participation in the exhibition. Critics of the Windsor Palace supported the exhibition from museums — of the owners of the works of Leonardo, providing sketches for guests from all over the world paintings of genius and other graphic work.
the Resulting exhibition will be the most expensive place in London this year. This was reflected in the financing of the National gallery: in 2011-2012 it was 3.3 billion pounds, 1.5 billion above the previous amount of budget funds received by the Museum.
the success of the negotiations about participation in the exhibition of paintings by Leonardo — is the joyful side of things, but the experts were and there are doubts about the ability to ensure the safety of exhibits. Martin Kemp (Martin Kemp), a leading British expert on the works of Leonardo, shared his concern about the arrival of the exhibition from the Louvre "Madonna of the rocks" — works, which is not in very good condition. Not pleased with the Camp and the desire of the National gallery to respond to this gesture of the Louvre were sent to France one of her drawings of Leonardo. The expert said that a few years ago would have seemed sacrilegious even the idea to move the picture to another Museum within London.
it is Expected that the exhibition, which will visit about 300 thousand people, will cause great interest, because it provides a unique, perhaps once in a lifetime chance for ordinary art lovers and professionals to see so many works by Leonardo at one time.
in Addition to the "Savior of the world", the exhibition involved the following works:
Madonna with child (Madonna Litta). 1490-1492. The state Hermitage Museum, St-Петербург
the Painting was bought by the State Hermitage in 1865 from the Milanese family of Litta. In 1962, the work has visited Paris and Moscow, in 1990-м — Milan and Madrid not so long ago, in 2003-2004 — Rome and Venice. The last time the painting was restored in 1953: then it was moved from the Board to the canvas.
In exchange for the work of Leonardo, the national Gallery will give the Hermitage the work of Carlo Crivelli (Crivelli) "the Annunciation withHoly Amediem" written in 1486.
"Madonna Litta" will be on display in London as a work written entirely by Leonardo, — so says the art critic from the Hermitage Tatiana Kustodieva. Other experts believe that this work has been partially made by an assistant of Leonardo.
portrait of an unknown (Excellent Ferronera). 1492-1494. The Louvre, Paris
the Work of Leonardo, known as the "Beautiful Ferronera", was acquired by the Louvre in 1793. The first time she left the walls of the Museum only last October. However, went pretty far: she visited the exhibition "France 1500" at the Paris Grand Palais. Largely due to the good relations of the Louvre and the National gallery London exhibition of Leonardo was able to become the first foreign voyage of this work of da Vinci.
Luke Syson believes that in this painting, Leonardo depicts Lucrezia Crivelli (Lucrezia Crivelli), which became the mistress of Duke Sforza after Cecilia gallerani, depicted in the painting "Lady with an ermine". Minor restoration work, which included the removal of the covering the picture of the old varnish have been done in 1952.
Blessed Jerome. 1488-1490. Pinacoteca, Vatican City
"Blessed Jerome" in recent years, visited new-Йорк (1983, 2003), Tokyo (1993), Bonn (1998), Florence (2006), Atlanta and Los-Анджелес (2009-2010). Luke Syson and his colleague Rachel Billing (Rachel Billinge) studied the preparatory drawing for the work and came to the conclusion that it was written in the late 1480-х years, and not at the beginning, as previously thought. The last time the unfinished work was restored before the trip to the exhibition of 1993 in Tokyo.
the Madonna of the yarnwinder. 1501 or later. Owns 10-му Duke Buckley and Fund family heritage Bucklew
the painting "the Madonna of the yarnwinder" in 1939, participated in a retrospective of Leonardo in Milan, which at the time of the Second world war "stuck" in Italy and went back to its owner until 1945-м. 27 Aug 2003 unlucky masterpiece was stolen from the family castle of the Dukes of Buckley Drumlanrig-Касл located to the South of Glasgow, but in October 2007 returned to the owner. From January 2008-го on the basis of long-term loan of artwork on display in the National gallery of Scotland.
Luke Syson believes that the work on the painting began Leonardo himself, but he managed to write only the characters and foreground rocks. Unknown Florentine artist had completed the painting, probably after the death of Leonardo in 1519.
Another version of the piece, known as "Lansdowne Madonna", some scholars considered to be original works. Currently, "Landowska Madonna" belongs to a private collector from new-Йорка. The work this year was exhibited in the art Institute of Chicago (Art Institute of Chicago), and not so long ago was sent to Florence to study.
the Portrait of Cecilia gallerani (Lady with an ermine). 1489-1490. The princes Czartoryski Foundation, Krakow
Initially, this work Leonardo was to become the Central canvas of the London exhibition. The painting, bought by Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski in 1800, 1940-м went to the Nazis, and in 1945-м was discovered by the us military and returned to the Krakow Museum of the Czartoryski family. The Polish Association of art historians assessed the work of 300 million euros. The famous portrait in 1972 he visited Moscow, and in 1992-м — Washington. In 1993, he visited malmö and Stockholm, 1998-м — in Rome, Milan and Florence in 2001-2002, Kyoto, Nagoya, and Yokohama, in 2002-2003 toured America, visiting Milwaukee, Houston and San-Франциско, 2009-м went to Budapest, this year we visited Madrid and Berlin.
Such an active trip pattern is alarming experts: according to them, paintings made on wood, should be less likely to move from place to place.
Maria Osterwa-Чекай (Maria Osterwa-Czekaj), Deputy head of the princes Czartoryski Foundation, confirmed that the national gallery paid a certain amount for the right to show a picture, not specifying, however, its size.
the national gallery rarely pays with the money for the works granted to it in other museums, and never takes a fee when borrowing your picture. In this case, the loan is "Lady with an ermine" in the framework of the sponsorship programme financed the Bank Credit Suisse.
the Arrival of "Lady with an ermine" in London was nearly broke from-за protest of Polish art historians and restorers against moving pictures. Chop Janusz (Janusz Czop), chief curator of the National Museum in Krakow (part of which is the Czartoryski Museum), was one who expressed concern in this regard. The National gallery had to apply to the Minister of culture ed Vasi (Ed Vaizey), who contacted the Minister of culture of Poland, and only after that the question of the arrival of "Lady with an ermine" in London was finally settled. The Polish side to appease his critics, promised that by 2022, the picture ain't going nowhere.
Heroine Cecilia Gallerani (Cecilia Devon KORUS) was the mistress of Duke Ludovico Sforza (Ludovico Sforza) in the late 1480-х years. The latest time was restored in 1956.
Portrait of the musician. 1485-1488. The Pinacoteca Ambrosiana library, Milan
this year, "portrait of a musician" for the first time he left Italy — to participate in the London exhibition. In the Pinacoteca Ambrosiana library, the picture is from about 1671. After the Second world war, the work only once traveled from Milan: last December it was exhibited in the complex of the Capitoline museums in Rome. National gallery to "pay" with the Ambrosiana, gives her "the Mystical Nativity" by Sandro Botticelli (Sandro Botticelli), written in the year 1500. In a pair of belonging to the Ambrosiana to the work of Botticelli "Madonna under a canopy", created in 1490-е years"Mystic Christmas" show this winter.
"portrait of the artist" in recent times was restored in 1904, when the works were removed a significant layer of later additions. Luke Syson believes that the model for this work Leonardo was his friend, Miglioretti Atalanta (Atalante Miglioretti), singer and master of producing musical instruments.
the virgin of the rocks. 1491-1508. National gallery, London
Is the only work of Leonardo, owned by London's National Gallery. It was purchased in Milan in 1880 over 9 thousand pounds. Restoration work was carried out in 1949 and 2009, then the experts took the works a layer of dull lacquer. It was thought that the characters written by Leonardo and the landscape — his disciples, however, according to new research landscape has also been written by the artist himself. Not so long ago the painting was dressed in new, rather, old Italian frame in respect of that period, when it created the work itself. "Madonna of the rocks" written on the tree from-за which is very fragile; earlier work never left the walls of the gallery.
the virgin of the rocks. 1486. The Louvre, Paris
the First copyright version of "Madonna of the rocks" is in the French Royal collection of works of art in 1625 (in the building of the Louvre — with 1830-го). Work is never given to visiting the exhibition. Luke Syson has long dreamed of to show work in London together with the second version of the picture, however, the French experts initially opposed to the trip to the Louvre "Madonna" in the UK capital. In the end, the film, which was transferred to canvas in 1806, all-таки allowed the trip to London, however, most likely, she will never leave the walls of the home Museum. As the "Madonna of the rocks" owned by National gallery, which was transferred from wood to canvas, leaves much to be desired. So the London meeting of the two "Madonnas" will probably be the only opportunity for researchers to directly compare the two works.
in Return, the national gallery has promised the Louvre a drawing by Leonardo of the Madonna and child with Saint Anne (1499-1500), purchased from the Royal Academy of arts in 1962. Guardians of the drawings of the National gallery examined the picture and found it fit for shipping. Drawing will be on display in Paris based on the painting "Saint Anne with the Madonna and Christ child" from 29 March to 25 June 2012.
Online-версия Telegraph reported that in connection with the opening of an exhibition of Britain swept the rush. Tickets for the exhibition sold out before the end of December, and last Tuesday the opening ceremony was broadcast in 40 crowded theaters across the country and on television.
Yesterday in the morning the queue for tickets stretched the entire length of Trafalgar square. In addition to the already almost sold outprovisional tickets, each day at the ticket office of the Museum will be sold for 500 pieces. To avoid the crowds, the gallery has limited the number of visitors for up to 180 people for every 30 minutes (usually this figure is 230).
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