The exhibition presents 190 portraits of the nobility and merchant class Russia XVIII - XIX centuries, entered the museum's collection with a "portrait of an unknown person" or a mythological or erroneous annotation

Source: pushkinmuseum.ru


Source: pushkinmuseum.ru


Source: pushkinmuseum.ru


Source: pushkinmuseum.ru


Source: pushkinmuseum.ru


Source: pushkinmuseum.ru


Source: pushkinmuseum.ru

State Pushkin Museum, August 23, 2010 - March 31, 2012

at the State Pushkin Museum ( street. Prechistenka, 12/2) opened the exhibition "Portraits of the unknown. from the State Pushkin Museum».

exhibition features 190 portraits (paintings, drawings, miniatures, sculpture) representatives of the nobility and merchant class Russia XVIII - XIX centuries, in different times and under different circumstances, admitted to the museum's collection with a "portrait of an unknown person" either mythological or erroneous annotation.

Many of Heroes of the paintings could ever remain "unrecognized" if they are not interested and were the subject of a thorough study of museum professionals and historians.

Return the name of the portrait is akin to scientific discovery and is a significant event not only for the museum's collection, but also for the culture of the country as a whole. unique feature of the exhibition, opened on Prechistenka, that most of the portraits presented here, returned to the real names! The exhibition shows the remarkable results of research and the attribution of the museum.

< p class = "mat1"> As a general rule, a portrait of man was written "for the memory of his loved ones, people who love him» ( In . A. Tropinin ), was placed in the interior of the family, and often did not require a signature - the so-formed family portrait gallery. In the whirlpool of tumultuous events of the twentieth century, especially during the revolutionary years, when destroyed and ruined mansions and manor houses, many of the portraits, saving the family and, ultimately, generic memory, lose their "their familiar" places, roots, scattered all over the world, settling nameless artifacts in museum collections and private collections.

priority for any of the museum is not so much number of exhibits, as the sum of knowledge about them - this is the main purpose of the stock of scientific and museum. Every artifact in the collection must "speak" to find their "passport" data. study and description of objects - the main trend in the museum's scientific activities. Attribution portraits - the most interesting, exciting and fascinating part of this work.

Identified portrait can "tell" about themselves and about the time far more than his "silent" counterpart. The founder of scientific attribution of in the Pushkin Museum was EV Pavlov. It became the main teacher of his colleagues. vast professional knowledge, intuition, brilliant memory "in person" EV Pavlova allowed to determine more than a dozen portraits of people from Pushkin's environment. Conscientious search for truth, creativity, passion, reverence for the art of the portrait formed the basis for a remarkable album, prepared by EV Pavlova and N. Marchenko, "Faces of Pushkin's era" (Moscow, 2000), which presented the results of attributions of authors and their album colleagues - it is about 200 portraits in drawings and watercolors from the collection of Pushkin's time, GMF and GLM. In a study of portraits of the museum staff were actively involved: LI Vuich, N. Mikhailova, N. S. Nechaev, GG Svetlov T. S. Ovchinnikov. In this work invaluable assistance provided by IL Andronicus, Baranowska M. Yu, T. Buevskaya, F. E. Wisniewski, AM Gorshman, J. S. Zilberstein, R. M. Kirsanov, L. Pevsner, S. Popov, M. Romm, T. Tsyavlovsky, YB Shmarov - without their knowledge and experience would have been impossible to achieve scientific museum.

In the exhibition "Portraits of the unknown" has a "family tree". show the same name in 1969 has demonstrated in his time the impressive results of scientific and attribution of the museum at the time of its formation. were represented at least 80 major exhibits - "portraits of unknown persons." For the first time in museum practice publicly presented the results of attributions and scientific research in this direction. During the exhibition have been identified about 10 exhibits.

Since the first exhibition " portraits of the unknown "was little more than 40 years. enriched museum collection is not one hundred portraits. Today the museum is actively developing a systematic work on the attribution of the portrait, the technique of studying and determining portraits (by T. Dmitrieva), which includes a set of scientific approaches - historical subject-method analysis of mixed-lineage rising, attracting significant iconographic series. All this requires extensive professional history and cultural knowledge and expertise, while the professional instinct and intuition.

The exhibition features more than 190 works, including "unknown" person depicted in the portrait, there are not more than a third of the exhibition that speaks volumes about the outcome of the attribution of the museum.

portraits placed on display in chronological order that allows you to see the socio-psychological image of a contemporary of the last time in the development against the backdrop of the transformation of style and genre of art features a portrait. The earliest portrait dates from 1760-ies - is made on the parchment, "Portrait of two girls at the table", the upper time limit can be determined watercolor portrait of an unknown young woman, presumably GA Bibikova, the artist Alexander Lebedev.

Opens exhibit hall, telling the history of scientific attribution of portraits in the museum collection. One of the sensational discoveries exhibition in 1968, was to provide the public a unique exhibit - the only known in vivo miniature portrait of Pushkin the child (in the future poet depicts him at the age of 2-3 years), passed in time to the museum a famous actor Vsevolod Yakut. controversy around the portrait and scientific research, will finally and formally attributing this portrait (iconographic definition Baranskii NV), walked more than a dozen years. This work involved even the forensic institutions of the United States. And now, at this exhibition, this priceless Memoria is public now as indisputable historical and cultural relic .

Search and introduction to the collection of portraits in his lifetime Alexander Pushkin - the highest priority work for the museum. Today, the museum has six authentic intravital portraits of Pushkin in the original technique. with regret it must be admitted that the new discoveries in the field of in vivo iconographic Pushkiniana hardly seem possible. However, from time to time on the court just experts appear mythological images. This is shown on display "Portrait of an unknown young man." Externally it bears little resemblance to the poet. But for the attribution of the portrait "baffled" character - a fashion typical of the era and the romantic image, and a "stubborn" reality: on the printed label on the bottom of the frame is written: "Pushkin." Traces of existence of the portrait are in Germany. Over decades it was kept in a German family as a portrait of a Russian poet. No matter how great was the temptation to fill up the collection of the museum has one of Pushkin's portrait, dating from the middle of the XIX century, a comparative analysis of the iconographic portrait of Pushkin's famous intravital imaging, technical and technological analysis, made in behalf of GRC Grabar, and making sure you create - 1840-50s - did not confirm a family legend.

history of existence and the existence of family relics in the "noble nests" often represents a wonderful artful fiction and reality, which will eventually live together so closely that distinguish one from another is not possible. In this context, is especially revealing example of the whole collection of six miniature received from Seleznyov family, descendants of the owners of the house on Prechistenka that hosts the museum . resistant to family legend depicted in the portraits of military representatives of the family fell apart under the Seleznyov irrefutable arguments of historical and objective method used in their study of the military historian AV Kibovsky, resulting in failed to prove ownership of individual miniatures to a noble family Shusherinyh. How miniatures were in Seleznyov family-Matveev in the complete absence of common genetic lines? This question posed by the researcher, can serve as a stimulus for further search.

real sensation of this exhibition was the presentation of a magnificent painting of a portrait of one of the most interesting women Pushkin's time Maria Nikolaevna Rayevskaya (Volkonskaya). portrait became accessible to a wide range of audience for the first time in nearly 200 years of existence in a small circle of owners and collectors. Written in 1824 shortly before her marriage to Mary Rayevskaya a war hero in 1812 Decembrist Sergei and future Volkonsky, This portrait is of great historical and aesthetic value. appearance of the exhibit in the collection of Moscow's Pushkin Museum was made possible thanks to effective assistance of the Department of Culture in Moscow.

In the context of the opening of the exhibition "Portrait of M. H . Rayevskaya "is interesting and what is a model of unconditional full attribution, when combined come" in agreement "and the results of the technical and technological research, and evaluation of professional experts, and the origin of the portrait and the inscription on the reverse side, and a biography of the model, and outside of its similarity to the large number of significant figures, and memoirs of the certificate.

Portraits for the Literary Museum exhibits are extremely important. This historic and artistic material, and the way the knowledge of Pushkin's time. But above all, portraits - it's historical documents. in the faces and facial features imprinted the time of high ideals and high morals. knowledge of portraits - this acquaintance with the poet's contemporaries. known that Pushkin's entourage consisted of nearly 2,500 people: relatives, friends, writers, statesmen, military and officials, entertainers and artists, merchants and yard servants ... And many of them are represented in the exhibition "Portraits of the unknown" from the collection of Moscow's Pushkin Museum.

Accents exhibition were some great paintings portraits with an interesting history of their appearance in the museum and scientific research to identify the person depicted on the canvas. On display are portraits of distinguished accent color the background color of the noble Bordeaux, one of the last portraits of Natalya Nikolaevna lifetime Lansky (Pushkin), the portrait of Natalia Dubbelt, granddaughter of A. Since . Pushkin, the portrait of Princess Apraksina AM (nee Pashkova) recently-found the museum a magnificent portrait of MN Rayevskaya, AP Gotovtseva portrait, portraits, NI Mezentsov, His Serene Highness Prince of Italy Count Alexander Suvorov -Rymniksky, Major General Don Cossack I. Isayev and a portrait of General of Infantry, PS Kotlyarevskogo "Caucasian Suvorov", "General-meteor" that Pushkin dedicated line in the poem, "Prisoner of the Caucasus" .

Source : pushkinmuseum.ru