Nivinsky Ignatius Ignatievich

January 11, 1881 (Moscow) - October 27, 1933 (Moscow)

painter, graphic artist, set designer.

In 1893-1898 he studied at the Stroganov School of Industrial Art, after working there as teacher of drawing. In 1900, met with the architect IV ZHOLTOVSKOGO, who for many years, became his teacher and friend. In 1904, together with ZHOLTOVSKOGO traveled to Italy.

From 1905 he taught at the University for construction courses. Started studying architecture. In the 1908-1913 project Niwinski was built several buildings. Simultaneously, he worked as a master of decorative painting, in particular in 1906-1912 led decorative works in the construction of the Museum of Fine Arts (now - GMII im. Pushkin).

In 1907 he entered the Moscow Archaeological Institute, attended a private school, KF Juon. In 1908 and 1910-1912 once again made a trip to Italy. Began work as a painter easel.

Since 1909 participated in the exhibitions "of the Moscow Association of Artists" in 1913 - "World of Art". In 1911, turned to etching, which became, along with the theater, the main area of his work. In 1916-1917 created a cycle of etchings "Crimean suite».

After the revolution, he taught at the Moscow Higher School of Engineering and Construction. In 1918 headed the section of folk festivals in MONO Moscow City Council, then led Painted agitation trains. In 1919, founded and headed the Union of Engravers ».

In 1921-1927 headed the department a picture of the Moscow Higher Artistic-Technical School, taught in addition to the picture theory of shadows and perspective. In 1927-1930 - Professor of the Higher Art and Technical Institute.

From 1921 he worked as a theater artist. Collaborated with Vakhtangov in the Third studio art theater. In 1922 he designed the play "Princess Turandot" Carlo Gozzi. In the same year, created costumes and scenery for the staging of Gadibuk "by S. Ansky in the theater-studio" Gabima "in Moscow. He has also worked in the studio the second Moscow Art Theater, the Maly Theater, the Jewish Theater, the Moscow Art Theater.

In 1924 became a member of the association "4 Art. In 1925 won a gold medal at the International Exhibition of art and decorative arts in Paris. In 1923-1925 he worked on a cycle of etchings on the Caucasus. In 1925, showed his etchings at the personal exhibition at the State Museum of Fine Arts. In 1928 Nivinsky solo exhibition was held in Paris. In 1937, was posthumously awarded a diploma and a gold medal at the International Exhibition in Paris, "Art and Technology in Contemporary Painting».

also etching and theater worked a lot in the book chart. Retrospective exhibitions were held in the artist's 1960 and 1980 in the Pushkin Museum im. Pushkin, in 1961 - at the State Russian Museum.

Creativity Nivinsky formed in the first decade of the twentieth century. Artistic ideals of the artist decided during a trip to Italy in 1904, together with the well-known representative of neoclassicism in architecture ZHOLTOVSKOGO. In the same neo-classical Nivinsky fulfilled its murals. However, in the field of easel painting and theatrical works, he used the experience of cubism and constructivism, problem-solving interaction between object and space, to identify the structure of the object.

completely new spatial problem solved Niwinski in his etching series. But the theater was for him an area where they found the embodiment of different facets of his work: as an architect, a master of monumental and decorative art, as a painter. One of the best theatrical work Nivinsky began play "Princess Turandot", staged Vakhtangov. The play was 1038 times (including a show in 1928 in Paris) and its popularity was largely obliged costumes and decorations Niwinski.

master's career is represented in many Russian museums. The best collection of works Nivinsky are GMII im. Pushkin and the State Russian Museum.