MUHINA Ignatyevna

June 18, 1889 (Riga) - October 6, 1953 (Moscow)

sculptor, graphic artist, designer, artist arts and crafts.

came from a wealthy merchant family. Childhood years spent in the Crimea. Original art education in school Theodosia. In 1908-1911 worked in the school KF Juon and IO Dudina in Moscow in 1911 - a sculpture studio NM Sinitsyn, in 1911-1912 - in the studio II Mashkova. In 1912-1914 she lived in Paris, attended a private school F. Kolarossi, academies "La Palette" at the A. Le Fauconnier and M. Metzinger and Grand Shomer "from E.-A. Bourdelle, attended the School of Fine Arts. She met with many representatives of the artistic life of Paris at the time - O. Zadkine, J. Lipschitz, LS Popov, and others. In 1914 he traveled to Italy. In the same year, returned to Russia.

lived in Moscow. In 1915-1916 as assistant Alexandra Exter has created costumes for many productions at the Moscow Chamber Theater. In 1918 - early 1920 was engaged in industrial design, develop sketches of labels, fabrics, posters. According to the plan of monumental propaganda completed projects monuments NI Novikov (1918), "Emancipation of Labor" (1920), VM Zagorsk (1921), "Flame of the Revolution" (1922-1923) for Moscow, as well as the "Revolution" for the wedge. In 1923, together with Exter worked as an artist-designer at Moscow couture. She helped in the creation Exter design for the film "Aelita". Served as a member of the association "Monolith" (since 1919), "Four Arts" (from 1924), the Society of Russian sculptors (from 1926).

In 1926-1927 she taught in the class modeling the Artistic-Industrial College of the Museum of Toys, in 1927-1930 - in VHUTEINe in Moscow. Since the late 1930's worked at the Leningrad Porcelain Factory, in the early 1940's - in the pilot workshop of art glass at a mirror factory in Leningrad (together with AA and NA Assumption Tyrsa) .

in 1937 was awarded the Grand Prix at the World Exhibition in Paris for the sculpture "Worker and Collective Farm Girl».

fulfilled decorative sculptural group for Moskvoretsky Bridge in Moscow (1938), monuments to Gorky in Gorky (1952), PI Tchaikovsky in Moscow (opened in 1954). Created an extensive gallery of portraits of contemporaries: the Executive portraits Koltsov (1929), SA Zamkova (1935), VK Kokkinaki (1939), P. , N. Lvov (1940), SS Yudin (1940), IL Khizhnyak (1942), BA Yusupov (1942), K . Juon F. (1943), NN Burdenko (1943), A. Krylov H (1945), Alexander Dovzhenko (1951) and others. Repeatedly (in 1941, 1943, 1946, 1951, 1952) became the winner of the Stalin Prize in 1943 was awarded the title People's Artist of the USSR, in 1947 elected a member of USSR Academy of Arts.

Retrospective exhibitions were held in Moscow Fly (1955, 1971, 1989), Leningrad (1959, 1971, 1979, 1989), Bucharest (1967), Paris (1971, together with A. Golubkina and SD Lebedeva).

Mukhina - a prominent Soviet sculptor, one of the founders of socialist realism in sculpture. In early works (early 1920) was close to cubism with his characteristic conventionally schematic compositional decisions. In mid-1920's has developed its own plastic language, characteristics of which are monumental forms, accentuated architectonics, artistic synthesis, an active movement. The leading theme of art was the glorification of the spiritual beauty of the Soviet man. In his work appealed to a wide range of materials - both traditional (gypsum, marble, bronze, wood) and new (stainless steel, glass).

Fly Works are in many museum collections, including the State Tretyakov Gallery, State Russian Museum and the Kiev Museum of Russian Art, the Museum of the Vatican and others.