Chaim Soutine Solomonovich

1893 (Śmiłavičy Minsk province) - August 9, 1943 (Paris)

Painter, graphic artist

was born in the family of a tailor, was the tenth of eleven children in the family. In 1914 he ran away from home in Minsk, where he received first drawing lessons from a little-known artist J. Kruger. In 1910-1913 he lived in Vilna. He worked as a retoucher at the photographer. Attended art school, where he studied under IA Trutnev. In 1913 he left for Paris, where he settled in the studio of his countryman O. Meshchaninova a quarter of La Rusch in Montparnasse. Entered the School of Fine Arts, in the class F. Cormon. Soon the acquaintance of M. Chagall, J. Lipschitz, O. Zadkine, F. Leger, D. Rivera. In 1914 (some sources - in 1915) became acquainted with Modigliani, who became his close friend.

In 1918, Modigliani introduced Soutine with a poet and collector L. Zborowski, who provided the artist the means to travel to a resort near Nice, Kerry. Soutine lived there until 1922.

exhibited extremely rare. In 1920-1921 participated in the exhibitions "47 from Parnassus", "Hundred of Parnassus", as well as the exhibition of Russian artists "Beat". In 1923 he sold about 200 of his paintings, most of them acquired a collector from Philadelphia A. Barnes. From that moment on became famous and wealthy. In 1927, Parisian gallery "Bing" staged the first solo exhibition of Soutine. Later exhibitions were arranged in the Art Club of Chicago (1935), Gallery "Valentin" in New York (1936 and 1938), Gallery "Leytsester" in London (1937), Gallery "Philips" in Washington, DC (1943).

From 1929 he lived in Loewe, near Chartres, in their friends, spouses Kasten. At the beginning of World War II, settled in the department of Touraine, in spite of a number of proposals to move to the United States. During the German occupation of Paris moved from place to place, yet with the help of friends is not settled in CHAMPIGNE, near Chinon. He died in August 1943 from stomach ulcer.

memorial exhibitions were arranged in many European and American cities, including in the Paris galleries De France "(1945) and" Sherpante "(1959). In 1958-1960, New York, Manchester, London exhibition was organized "Sutin and his circle».

Sutin was one of the founders of French expressionism and one of the most prominent representatives of the so-called School of Paris. In his early works, notably the influence of P. Cézanne. However, in the late 1910's - early 1920's formed an individual creative manner Soutine, who later did not undergo significant changes: he wrote his paintings writhing pasty brush strokes, often varying the same reasons. Varied only an artist's palette. If the 1920's, his works are based on a combination of green, yellow, red, brown, purple, in the late 1920's spots become larger, and the palette becomes more ascetic and contrast: it is dominated by blood-red, in combination with bright - blue and purple. In the late 1930's lead becomes green, which are sprinkled all other colors, accented by sharp blows of white.

Soutine never refused to work with nature, finding their subjects in life around them. Favorite genres, artists were landscape, portrait and still life, with the portrait of Soutine was always a noticeable influence of Modigliani. He often chose a similar view (generation or bust full face, some close to the first plan), included in the composition of the minimum number of parts, built the portraits on the bright color contrasts.

works Soutine quite rare, as an artist, being exposed to severe depression, he often destroyed his paintings, not being satisfied with the result of the work.

works are in collections of the State Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg, the Metropolitan Museum and the Museum of Modern Art in New York, the National Gallery of Scotland in Edinburgh, the Tate Gallery in London and many others.

Modigliani. Portrait of Soutine