GLUSHCHENKO Nikolai (Mykola) Petrovich

4 (17) September 1901 (Novomoskovsk Ekaterinoslav province) — 31 октября 1977 (Kiev)

Painter, graphic artist

Childhood and adolescence spent in Yuzovka (now — Donetsk); studied at a commercial school. Independently he studied drawing; copied paintings participated in the design performances for the workers clubs. Member of the Civil war on the side of the Volunteer army А. И. Деникина. Together with the remnants of the white guard units were on the territory of Poland and was in camp for internees; escaped to Germany and after a long ordeal got to Berlin.

he Studied at a private school Г. Балушека in Berlin (1919) and the Higher school of fine arts of Charlottenburg (1920-1924) Э. Вольфсфельда. Went through the passion of Renaissance art, the work of the Impressionists and post-Impressionists. In 1924 he participated in the exhibition Association "New objectivity" in Mannheim, Erfurt, and Hamburg.

In 1925 he moved to Paris. He painted landscapes of southern France, portraits, genre scenes. Performed graphic series on the theme of literary works: Dead souls Н. В. Гоголя (1930-1931), "Fata Morgana" М. М. Коцюбинского That "Song" П.-Ж. Беранже (1933) and others. In 1932 вступил the Association of revolutionary writers and artists of France, headed Р. Ролланом and П. Вайяном-Кутюрье. Published his drawings in the left-wing French magazine "Le Monde" and "l'humanité". On the initiative of the Ambassador of the USSR in France В. П. Потемкина wrote a series of portraits of "Friends of the Soviet Union" for the Kharkiv literary Museum: Р. Роллан (1932), А. Барбюс, П. Синьяк (both — 1933), М. Кашен (1934) and others. In 1936 he visited Spain at the invitation of the Republican government.

Exhibited in the Autumn salon, salon Independent (1925-1935), the Tuileries (1927-1934); participated in exhibitions of Ukrainian art and graphics in Brussels, Warsaw, Lvov, Berlin, Prague, Vienna. His personal exhibitions were held in Paris galleries "Fabre" (1925), "Andre" (1926), "the Forester" (1928), "Manuel frères" (1929), Zak (1932, 1934) and in Stockholm (1931), Milan, Ostend (both — 1927), Bucharest (1930, 1932), Rome (1933), Marseille (1934), Lviv (1934, 1935).

abroad, maintained close ties with the homeland. In the early 1920-х met with the Secretary of the Consulate of the USSR А. П. Довженко and received Soviet citizenship (1923); in 1920-30-х cooperated with the Soviet intelligence. 1930 — chief artist of the Soviet trade-промышленных exhibitions abroad (1930); participated in the design of the Soviet divisions of the Lyon fairs, exhibitions in Brussels, Milan, Paris, Marseilles. He has published several articles on Soviet art, lectured at the club of the trade Mission of the USSR, escorted tours of Soviet delegations in Paris.

From 1927 — a member of the Association of revolutionary artists of Ukraine. Participated in the anniversary exhibition of the USSR in Moscow, 1-й all-Ukrainian exhibition "10 лет October" in Kharkov (both — 1927), exhibition of Soviet art in the Paris gallery "night" (1932).

In late 1936 вернулся home. In 1936-1944 жил in Moscow, from 1944 — in Kiev. Wrote thematic paintings in the spirit of socialist realism: "the Death of Civil war hero Bozhenko" (1938), "Elections in the people's Assembly of Western Ukraine" (1939), "the Release of the Wedge from the Germans" (1942), "the Elevator on the Dnieper" (1946), "a Rich harvest" (1948). Worked in the genre of landscape, engaged in monotype. 1960-х worked on a series of "around Lenin's places abroad" (State prize of the USSR them. Т. Г. Шевченко 1972). Received the title of honored worker of arts (1946), people's artist of the USSR (1963), people's artist of the USSR (1977). In the late 1960-х returned to the free picturesque manner, resorting to limit the degree of conventionality and using only bright colors.

participated in many group exhibitions: "the industry of socialism" (1939), "the Landscape of our country" (1942), "the Great Patriotic war" (1943), "Heroic front and rear" (1945) in Moscow, exhibition of fine arts of the USSR (1953, 1954, 1957, 1968) and others. His personal exhibitions were held in Kiev (1938, 1949, 1955, 1956, 1958, 1964, 1967, 1968, 1971), Moscow (1943, 1959, 1966), Lviv (1957), Uzhgorod (1960, 1964, 1966, 1970), Leningrad (1968).

Work is represented in many Museum collections, including at the National art Museum of Ukraine, Odessa art Museum and others.