At the beginning of August 2009 in Khvalynskoye area students Philological faculty of Saratov State University named after NG Chernyshevsky collect folklore. In the village Popovka Khvalynskoye area, they found an empty house with a painting preserved in the interior.

Employees Art and Museum K. S.Petrova-Vodkin (branch Radischevskaya Museum), which the students showed a video made in the house, were surprised by this discovery. After all the samples of Russian house painting remained very low. Much more is known about the specialists of Ukrainian painted cottages. However, the Russian people have long had the custom to decorate the house painted.

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Unfortunately, changed to suit the tastes of many of the murals were zakrasheny and is wrote Shergin B., «native beauty of the old life was weather drafts of this world <...>" progress and civilization "viciously turned on father's way of life », so to our day came the single samples.

It is from such a meeting in Popovka students. The owners of this house was told that the house belongs to them since 1933, since the previous owners were evicted from raskulacheny and Popovka.

Paintings on bytuyuschey in the village of legend, have been implemented in early 1910-ies of the artist-icon-painters who paint the rural church in the name of Nicholas, built in the same years in Popovka replace burnt down Pokrov.

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Perhaps artists hang in the house at the time of the painting the church, and thus pay his hosts for their hospitality. In favor of this assumption, two religious talk on the topic «red» windows in «male» part Svetlitsa - cherub, and George the Victorious, who is in the image formed by decades manner consonant with widely prevail in the Volga peasant folk icon. But perhaps the masters, who gave fantastic life of ordinary rural household, there were representatives of dyeing or painting othozhih crafts. Unfortunately, painting the house bezymyanna, and with full confidence to answer this question difficult.

What is a painting of rural home? It is located in the most important and expressive of its parts. Cottage divided on the corners in accordance with the established functional areas. The walls of the front rooms are painted in blue, the ceiling - in white. «Red» corner - the place where the guests was marked by monumental, with a triangular pediment, decorated with vegetal ornament of stylized flowers and leaves, Kyoto. It is on the windows next to the red corner are depicted cherub and George the Victorious, guarding a meeting place outside the space behind the windows and internal.

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The home was a closed space in which people feel safe. Kyoto on the ceiling above the image in terms of a flying eagle, symbolizing power, strength, courage, longevity and wisdom. In prostenkah between windows - traditional song - fancy vases with wonderful plants, which are drawn from them on the walls, giving this part of the interior holidays, recalling the beauty and joy of spring and summer blooming nature. At prostenke picture of so-called «Garden in banks» - indoor plants watered by a woman, with flowers that resemble tulips.

Koutny angle (kutok) near the furnace, or «Sereda», - the place of the women cook, a little farther from the furnace - a place for a child unsteady affixed to the ring on the ceiling, where, in terms of wreath-image woman in a red dress with flowering branches in the hand, its shadow on top. She was always before my eyes, and to some extent replaced underlying unsteady child's mother that «forever in a wheel Labor». Once the circles symbolize the sun and the wall socket or the beginning of fire and provide protection from all abomination. And while the magic meaning of these symbols was forgotten, they were used as a favorite ornamental motif. At the partition separating the room, against a background of trees around them fantastic birds, shows good lion - guard - the patron of people who lived in the house. He vozlezhit on the bank of the stream. People's artist gave the lion's intelligent and expressive «person», like a human.

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In neighboring «pink» upper chamber that served owners, perhaps a bedroom, performed songs with large motifs and storylines images: the pink background of a whole, without windows, walls, opposite the entrance, stands out with a flock of white geese herder teenager on a slender tree with a green fluffy crowns. The composition is based upon the free rhythm and striking a delicate balance of decorative scent: using a limited number of colors, at times - three or four, the master knew how to reach the sonority of color and even a kind of elegance of color combinations. Here is an image of wood with a plastically raskinutymi branches and one tree in the tub between the windows. I think that painting the interior was the theme of paradise garden, a beautiful sunny country. This colorful environment had a beneficial influence on the inhabitants of the house, skrashivat their difficult lives.

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Paintings organically linked with the size, shape and functions dekoriruemoy plane. In all likelihood, did it immediately, without prior marking. First plane to hit the basic contours, then in accordance with the concept of local color tones: orange-red - flowers, golden ohristym - lion, white - geese, black - birds. By podmalevku caused black outline, a form of simulated spaces. Thus, the master of graphic combined beginning in traditional folk art, with a picturesque manner. Image «uploschaetsya», losing its volume, and not «overflows» surface of the wall. Bright colors, lots of pink, blue and white to create an atmosphere of warmth and comfort and at the same time reflected the farmers of good, beauty, well-being.

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This house provides a vivid picture of how the Russian peasant decorated their homes, allowing him to look into the spiritual world, the world of his knowledge, his fantasy, especially popular in the world and carefully stored images, which are typical for the Volga . Again referring to Shergin, we can conclude: «in our grandfather's life with its unique beauty, we will not get ... But over the life forever stayed zizhditelnoe Creativity, Thought, and stayed forever Wisdom», so the natural desire of museum and regional specialists, see the house painted, - to keep them, creating in this house a museum of folk life.

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In recent years, Popovka is, though slower than desired, the restoration of the Church of Nicholas. Already built a dome, a bell tower. Along with the future of the museum, it would make a wonderful ensemble. The head of district administration supported the idea of a museum of folk life, so now it is up to small: to buy back the house from the owners and include it in the tourist route.

Source: mkrf.ru